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首页 > 英语培训 > 关系代词英文

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代词之中,最为令人头痛的,或许莫过于关系代词了。咋一听,是不是有点迷糊:啥叫关系代词?先看个例子:The girl who is reading is my sister.在这个句中,who就是关系代词,代指先行词the girl。哦,宝宝们恍然大悟:原来代指定语从句中先行词的代词,就叫关系代词!!!

英语中,关系代词主要有that, which, who, whom, whose, of which, as等。

关系代词不仅代指先行词,还在定语从句中担当主语、宾语、表语和定语。如:

Lily likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)

The film (which)we saw yesterday was wonderful.我们昨天看的那部电影很好看。(which作宾语)

He is no longer the man (that) he was ten years ago.他不再是十年前的那个他了。(that作表语)

The dress whose color is red is bought by my mom.红色那件裙子是我妈妈买的。(whose作定语)

这些关系代词有主格,宾格和属格之分,以及指人与指物之分。如表所示:

I like books that are interesting.我喜欢有趣的书。(that作主语)

The book (that) I put on the table is Tom’s.我放在桌子上的那本书是汤姆的。(that作宾语)

The book which is on the desk seems very interesting.桌上那本书貌似很有趣。(which作主语)

The book (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那本书很不错。(作宾语)

He said the book was so easy, which was not true.他说这本书很简单,那是不对的。(which引导非限制性定语从句)

The girl who wears red is from England.穿红色衣服的那个女孩是英国人。(who作主语)

The man (whom) Lucy is talking to is my teacher.正在与露西谈话的那个人是我的老师.(whom作宾语)

The students whose names were called stood up.被叫到名字的学生站了起来。

The house whose windows are broken is very old.窗户坏掉的那个房子很旧。

(1)but既可指人或物,常在定语从句中充当主语。but本身含"否定"的意思,其作用相当于"that /which /who...not"。它前面的主句通常有"否定"的词。but引导的肯定定语从句和否定的主句连用,达到强烈肯定的修饰效果。例如:

There is no mother but loves her own children.(=There is no mother that/who does not love her own children.)没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。

(2)as可指人或物,常在限制性定语从句中充当主、宾、表语。

as引导的限制性定语从句的先行词前面常有as /such /the same等修饰词。例如:

He is as brave a man as ever berthed.他是世界上最勇敢的人。

as作关系代词,还可用来引导非限制性定语从句,as引导的定语从句可放在句首、句中或句末。例如:

As we all know, English is very important now.

English, as we all know, is very important now.

English is very important now, as we all know.

(3)than可指人或物。than前通常有表示比较的词。例如:

Fewer guests than we had expected came to the party.来参加晚会的客人比我们预料的还要少。

关系代词英文

233 评论(10)

者尼私人影院

关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引导从句的关联词。 它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(通称为先行词)。 如: He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那个人。 关系副词 1.关系副词兼有副词与连接词两种作用。 2.关系副词所引导的形容词子句用于修饰主要子句中的某一名词或代名词,被修饰的词称作先行词,关系副词要放在先行词之后。 3.关系副词主要有四个,即when, where, why, how。此外the也可作关系副词引导副词子句。 Would you please tell me the way how I can get to the zoo? 你能告诉我去动物园的路吗? the way是先行词。 This is the place where(that) I first met her. 这是我第一次见到她的地方。 在口语中that可以充当关系副词,代替when, why, how,只有先行词是the place时,才可代替where。 A:When should we start to work? B:The sooner (we start), the better (it will be). 我们该开什么时候应始工作? 越早越好。 the作关系副词是引导副词子句,句子结构一般为:The+比较级...+the+比较级...,第一个the是关系副词。 4.time,day,year,place,house,reason,way等作先行词时可以被省略,其后的子句不再是形容词子句,而变成名词子句或副词子句。 中文:这是他出生的地方。 This is where he was born. where he was born是名词子句。 This is the place where he was born. where he was born是形容词子句。 中文:我将在第一次见到她的地方见她。 I'll meet her at the place where I first met her. where I first met her是形容词子句。 I'll meet her where I first met her. where I first met her是副词子句。 5.关系副词有限定用法,指的是关系副词引导的形容词子句只修饰先行词。 We were very happy in those days when we studied in school. 我们在学校里上学的那些日子里很快乐。 6.关系副词有补述用法,即关系副词引导的是对等子句而不是形容词子句,主要用于对主要子句中的不足之处加以补充,前面都要加逗点与主要子句分开。 Tom got married the day before yesterday, when it was his birthday too. 汤姆前天结婚了,那天也是他的生日。 7.wherever,whenever,however是复合关系副词,表示"不论",引导一个修饰主要子句里的动词的副词子句,可加强语气或表示让步。 【参见关系形容词】 Wherever he goes, he would bring an umbrella with him. 不论他去那里,他都带着一把雨伞。18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如: This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判断改错(注:先显示题,再显示答案,横线;用不同的颜色表示出。) (错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year. (错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. (对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. (对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one答案:例1 D,例2 A例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. 在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。 而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。

320 评论(9)

容妆淡淡

关系代词引导限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句,有的时候关系代词可以省略,何时省略的具体说明如下:

We went to a beach (which/what) Ali had recommended to us.该句中的关系代词是which/what,可省略,修饰的是beach,引导的从句主语是Ali。

I know a man who/that ran in the New York Marathon last year.该句中的关系代词是who/that,修饰的是a man,引动的从句主语依然是a man。当关系代词修饰的对象和从句中的主语是相同的,则该关系代词不能省略。

关系代词在限定性定语从句中:

关系代词在非限定性定语从句中:

whose引导的从句

when, whereby, where和why引导的关系从句

who, what, whatever, whoever和whichever引导的从句

336 评论(14)

苏州耕牛装修

关系代词指的是代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分。关系代词有主格、宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分。关系代词用来引导定语从句。

关系代词有主格、宾格和属格(所有格)之分,并有指人与指物之分。that的用法最广,that 可指人也可指物。见表:

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我的宝贝叫小啦

一般来说,先行词如果在从句中作主语或宾语用关系代词,如果作状语用关系副词在定语从句中关系代词有:who,whom,whose,that,which等.关系副词有:when,where,why等.在其它从句中who,whom,whose,that,which叫连接代词,when,where,why叫连接副词.

260 评论(9)

欣欣公主Q

定语从句(Attributive Clause),又称关系从句,在句子中起定语作用,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可修饰一个句子。被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词,定语从句通常跟在先行词的后面,由关系词(Relative)引出。关系词包括关系代词或关系副词关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose等。关系副词有:when,where, why等。关系词除用于引导从句外,还代替先行词在从句中充当一定的语法成分,如主语、宾语、定语和状语等。例如:The man who wrote this book is a famous scientist.写这本书的人是一位著名的科学家。在该句中,the man为先行词;关系代词who引导定语从句,同时代替先行词在从句中充当主语。再如:The village where I was born has grown into a town.我出生的那个村庄已经变成了一个城市。在该句中,先行词为the village,关系副词where引导一个定语 从句并在从句中充当地点状语。关系代词(Relative Pronoun)可以代替先行词(即:被定语从句修饰的词)是指人或物的名词和代词,并在从句中起主语、宾语和定语等作用。(各个关系代词的代替功能以及它们在从句中所起的作用见下页列表。)例如:Where is the girl who (或 that) was injured in the accident?在事故中受伤的那个女孩在哪儿?(关系代词作主语)The man whom (或 that) you saw just now is our manager.你刚才见到的那个人是我们的经理。(关系代词作宾语)He found the watch which (或 that) he had lost.他找到了他丢掉的那块表。(关系代词作宾语)The house which (或 that) was damaged in the fire will be rebuilt soon.那座在大火中烧坏的房子不久将被修复。(关系代词作主语)Is there anyone here whose name is Wang Lin?这儿有个名字叫王林的人吗?(关系代词作定语)The building whose roof we can see from here ivS a supermarket.我们在这儿看得见屋顶的那座大楼是一家超级市场。(关系代词作定语)

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