喵了个咪啊
2017年苏州市初中毕业暨升学考试试卷 物 理 注意事项: 1.本试卷选择题共24分,非选择题共76分,全卷满分100分;考试时间100分钟. 2.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡的相应位置上;并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合. 3.答客观题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,请用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案;答主观题须用毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡上指定的位置上,不在答题区域内的答案一律无效;不得用其他笔答题. 4.考生答题必须答在答题卡上,答在试卷和草稿纸上一律无效. 一、选择题(本题共12小题,每 小题2分,共24分,每小题给出的选项中只有一个选项符合题意) 1.语音智能门禁系统能“辨音识人”,这主要是依据声音的 A.音调 B.响度 C.音色 D.频率 2.以下生活现象中属 于汽化的是 A.用电吹风吹干头发 B.舞台上用干冰 制造白雾 C.冬天,冰冻的衣服能晾干 D.夏天,打开冰柜门会看到冒“白气” 下列图示的光现象中,由于光的折射形成的是A.水中倒影B.雨后彩虹C.树荫下的光斑 D.汽车后视镜 4.关丁粒子和宇宙,下列说法正确的是 A.摩擦起电可以产生电子 B.原子核是由质子和电子组成的 C.光年是长度单位D.宇宙中天体的位置是恒定不变的 5.下列数据中符合实际情况的是 A.普通教室层高约为5m B.苏州五月份的平均气温约为5℃ C.1元硬币的质量约为50mg D.家用电扇的额定功率约为50W 带有烘干功能的滚筒洗衣机,要求洗衣和烘干均能独立进行,下列电路设计符合要求的是7.2017年5月,我国首次海域“可燃冰”试采成功,“可燃冰”分布于深海沉积物或陆域的永久冻土中,是由天然气与水在高压低温条件下形成的类冰状结晶物质,主要成分为甲烷.“可燃冰”属于 A.化石能源 B.常规能源 C.清洁能源 D.可再生能源 8.公交驾驶员进行驾驶技能比赛时,可通过“一杯水”来考验驾驶员的行车技术.将一杯水静置在公交车的置物台上(如图),司机突然刹车时,杯中水有可能发 生的情况是A.仍保持水平 B.将向前溢出 C.将向后溢出 D.会溢出,但不能确定溢出方向 下列图示实验中,能用电磁感应现象原理解释的是A.水果电池 B.导线框绕底部有 C.旋转电扇叶片 D.白制电磁铁 磁铁的电池转动让二极管发光吸起大头针10.在“探究影响电流热效应的因素”实验中,可通过观察玻璃管中煤油柱的高度变化来比较电阻丝产生热量的多少(如图).以下研究中所采用方法与此相同的是 A.用水流类比电流来建立电流的概念 B.探究导体电阻大小与横截面积的关系时需保持材料和长度不变 C.用图像描述电流与电压的关系 D.根据小磁针的偏转情况判定电流周围是否存在磁场 11.小明用矿泉水瓶和小玻璃瓶制作了一个“浮沉子”(如图).他将装有适量水的小玻璃瓶瓶口朝下,使其漂浮在矿泉水瓶内的水面上,矿泉水瓶内留有少量空气,拧紧瓶盖使其密封,用力挤压矿泉水瓶侧面时“浮沉子”下沉,松手后“浮沉子”即上浮.下列说法错误的是 A.“浮沉子”下沉时,所受重力大于它受到的浮力 B.无沦怎样挤压矿泉水瓶侧面,“浮沉子”不可能悬浮在水中 C.“浮沉子”上浮时,小瓶内的压缩空气会将内部的水压出 D.潜水艇与“浮沉子”浮沉的原理相同 12.如图所示,电源电压,定值电阻R0为10Ω,滑动变阻器R规格为“20Ω 2A”,电流表和电压表量程分别选择“0~”、“0~3V”.闭合开关S,电路正常丁作时,下列叙述正确的是 A.电流表示数最大值为 B.电压表示 数范围为1V~3V C.滑动变阻器的功率可达 D.滑动变阻器阻值变化范围为5Ω~10Ω 二、填空题(本题共10小题,每空1分,共26分) 13.下图中,物体长度是 ▲ cm;温度计示数是 ▲ ℃.14.如图所示,按照家庭电路安全用电的要求,电线接头B应接在 ▲ 线上,三线插座的 插孔 ▲ 应与地线相连. 15.自然界的一些生物自身能发光.如萤火虫、水母等,这是生物通过自身化学反应将化学能转化为 ▲ 能的现象.超导材料在超低温的情况下电阻会突然减小为零,如用这种材料制成输电线,将有效降低输电过程中 ▲ 的损耗. 16.2016年8月,我国成功发射了全球首颗量子科学实验卫星“墨子号”,在火箭携带卫星加速升空的过程中,以火箭为参照物,卫星是 ▲ 的,卫星的机械能 ▲ .(增大/减小/不变) 17.酒精和水充分混合后总体积小于混合前的总体积,此现象说明组成物质的分子间有 ▲ ,汽车发动机常用水做冷却剂, 这是因为水的 ▲ 较大. 18.电火花发生器点燃塑料盒内的酒精气体能将盒盖喷出很远(如图).此过程中的能量转化方式与汽油机的 ▲ 冲程相类似,实验时在盒内滴人2×10-4kg酒精,这些酒精完全燃烧放出的热量是 ▲ J.(q酒精=3×107J/kg) 19.(1)利用微信“扫一扫”功能,通过智能手机的摄像头扫描二维码(如图甲)可快速获取网络信息,手机摄像头相当于一个凸透镜,二维码到摄像头的距离应满足 ▲ 的条件. (2)如图乙所示,蜡烛恰好在光屏上成清晰的像,将光屏移至刻 度线lOcm处,蜡烛向 ▲ (远离/靠近)透镜方向移动,光屏上能再次成清晰的像,保持透镜位置不变,仅将蜡烛和光屏位置交换,光屏上可观察到倒立 ▲ 的实像.20.电工常用的老虎钳手柄上套有橡胶套,这是利用了橡胶 ▲ 性能好的特点.橡胶套表而刻有凹凸不平的花纹,这是通过增大接触面的 ▲ 来增大摩擦的. 21.如图所示,用滑轮组将的物体匀速提高,拉力F为10N,则有用功为 ▲ J,滑轮组机械效率为 ▲ .若增加所提物体的重力,滑轮组机械效率 ▲ (变大/变小/不变).(不计绳重 和摩擦,g取10N/kg) 22.无人驾驶飞机简称“无人机”,无人机的飞行控制杀统简称“飞控”,无人机悬停还是飞行、向哪个方向飞行、上升还是下降等飞行指令都由飞控下达,飞控主要由感知飞行姿态的陀螺仪、GPS定位模块、超声波传感器、气压传感器等各种功能的传感器及控制电路组成.[来源:学#科#网] (1)GPS定位模块利用 ▲ 传递信息,其在真空中的传播速度为 ▲ m/s. (2)超声波传感器可探测无人机在飞行时遇到的障碍物,这是因为超声波具有 ▲ 的特点. (3 )气压传感器可通过测定大气压值获知无人机所在位置的 ▲ . (4)某无人机由输出电压、容量l0000mAh的电池提供飞行能量,该电池最多可提供 ▲ kWh的电能.若这些电能的80%用于飞行,当飞行功率为200W时,最长飞行时间为 ▲ h. 三、简答题(本题共8小题,共50分,解答24、25题时应有解题过程) 23.(8分)按要求作图: (1)图甲中,画出静止在水平桌面上物体受到重力G的示意图.[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K] (2)图乙中,画出力F的力臂,并标上字母l. (3)图丙中,画出光线AO从空气斜射入水中的大致折射光线,并标出折射角). (4)图丁中,标出通电螺线管的N极和磁感线的方向.24.(6分)小华和妈妈去超市购物,她们将17kg物品放在小推车中推行,小推车在某段时间内速度v随时间t化的关系图像如图所示.已知小推车重130N,所受阻力是总重的倍.(g取10N/kg) (1)在0~l0s内,水平推力 ▲ (大于/小于/等于)阻力,阻力大小为 ▲ N.[来源:] (2)10~20s内水平推力做了多少功? (3)10~20s内水平推力的功率多大? 25. (10分)如图是某家用电热水器的简化电路图,温控开关S可根据水温自动切换加热和保温两种状态,R1、R0是发热电阻,热水器主要参数如下表.[水的比热容为×103J/(kg.℃)](1)开关S跳至 ▲ 触点位置时,热水器进入保温状态水箱内装满水时,水的质量为 ▲ kg. (2)R2的阻值为多大? (3)水箱中装满初温为25℃的水,加热使温度升高到55℃,水需要吸收多少热量? (4)在上述加热状态下,热水器正常工作35min 需消耗多少电能?加热效率是多少? 26.(4分)在“探究光的反射规律”的实验中,平面镜M水平放置,白色纸板竖直立在平面镜上,纸板由E、F两部分组成,可绕竖直接缝ON翻折.(1)如图甲,将一束光贴着纸板E沿AO射到镜面上O点,纸板F上会显示出反射光束OB.接着将纸板F绕ON向后翻折,则纸板F上 ▲ (能/不能)显示出反射光束,由此说明反射光线、入射光线与ON在 ▲ 内. (2)小明在测入射角和反射角大小时只记录了一组数据(如乙表),根据这组数据,他 ▲ (能/不能)得出关于光反射时反射角与入射角关系的结论,理由: ▲ . 27.(4分)在“探究杠杆的平衡条件”实验中:(1)图甲中,为使杠杆在水平位置平衡,应将右端的平衡螺母向 ▲ 侧调节. (2)图乙中,杠杆恰好处于水平平衡状态,若在A处下方再挂一个钩码,则B处所挂钩码须向右移动 ▲ 格,可使杠杆在水平位置再次平衡. (3)杠杆处于图甲所示位置时,小李同学就在杠杆上挂钩码进行实验,小明认为这样操作会对实验产牛以下影响: ①杠杆白身重力可能会对实验产生影响 ②可能不便于测量力臂或出现力臂测量错误 ③无法得出杠杆平衡条件 你认为正确的是 ▲ . A.①② B.①③ C.②③ 28.(6分)在“测量物质的密度”实验中:(1)用调节好的天平测金属块质量,天平平衡时砝码及游码在标尺上的位置如图甲所示, 金属块质量m为 ▲ g. (2)用细线系住金属块放人装有20mL水的量筒内,水面如图乙所示,则金属块体积V为 ▲ cm3. (3)计算出金属块密度ρ= ▲ g/cm3. (4)实验中所用细线会对测量结果造成一定误差,导致所测密度值 ▲ (偏大/偏小). (5)在上而实验基础上,利用弹簧测力计和该金属块,只需增加一个操作步骤就能测出 图丙烧杯中盐水的密度.增加的步骤是: ▲ . 盐水密度 表达式ρ盐水= ▲ (选用所测物理量符号表示). (8分)在测定额定电压为“”小灯泡电功率的分组实验中:[来源:学科网](1)请用笔画线代替导线,将图甲中的实物电路连接完整. (2)小明闭合开关后,发现灯泡不亮,电流表无示数,电压表有示数,则故障可能是 ▲ .排除故障后,移动滑片使小灯泡正常发光,此时电流表示数如图乙所示,则小灯泡额定功率为 ▲ W. (3)小华在进行实验数据处理时,算出了小灯泡的平均功率(如下表),你认为这样处理数据是 ▲ (合理/不合理)的,理由: ▲ .(4)下列描述小灯泡功率P随滑动变阻器阻值R变化情况的图像中,正确的是 ▲ .30.(4分)如图所示,王老师在圆柱形玻璃杯内装满水,用平滑的塑料薄片紧贴水面盖住杯口,压紧后将杯子倒置,水和塑料片都不会掉下来,接着将倒置的杯子悬挂在玻璃钟罩内,封闭钟罩后用抽气机持续抽出钟罩内的空气,直至塑料片掉下,已知杯中水和塑料片总质量为100g,倒置后杯和水与塑料片的接触面积为.(不考虑分子间作用力) (1)塑料片不掉下来说明了 ▲ 的存在,通过计算可知,当钟罩内气压降到 ▲ Pa时,塑料片会掉下.(g取10N/kg) (2)工老师在实际操作中发现,抽气至钟罩内气压为30kPa时,玻璃杯内出现了一些小气泡,继续抽气至钟罩内气压为8kPa时,塑料片就掉下了,请你对此时塑料片掉下的现象作出合理的解释: ▲ .
棉花糖夫人
学生在中考英语的备考中要多做中考英语模拟试题,这样多加复习才可以拿到好成绩,以下是我精心整理的2017年苏州市中考英语模拟试题,希望能帮到大家!
第一卷 选择题(74分)
一.单项选择 从各题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,将所选答案的字母标号写在题号前的相应位置上。(共16分,每小题1分)
1. He’s got a lovely garden. ____ flowers are really beautiful.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
2. Tony and his friends will go to the Great Wall next week and ____ will have a great time.
A. he B. she C. they D. we
3. –-Which school is better, our school or Park School?
--- ____ schools are very nice.
A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None xK b1 . Co m
4. It’s true that schoolchildren today work _____ than they did in the past, and they don’t have too much free time.
A. hard B. harder C. hardly D. hardest
5. --- How long have you studied in Middle School? ---- ____ 2008.
A. For B. In C. Since D. At
6. --- It’s getting late, Betty.
---____, I’m going to bed soon.
A. Good idea B. What’s it like C. bad luck D. Nearly finished
7. Today is ____ for married women to go out to work, but it was less common in the past.
A. unusual B. useless C. difficult D. normal
8. Study hard and you will _____ at last.
A. lose B. fail C. succeed D. make
9. I will fly to Beijing this afternoon, and now I’m getting ready to _____.
A. get off B. set off C. take off D. turn off
10. Most young people ______ the way they look.
A. think about B. care about C. talk to D. take care
11. Companies give their products to film stars ____ fans will buy them.
A. because B. because of C. so that D. in order to
12. People now don’t take as much exercise _____ they did in the past.
A. than B. as C. like D. and
13. I _____ like the trainers with the logo “Nike”
A. fortunately B. freshly C. successfully D. really
14. He is making a ____ on how to protect the environment.
A. speech B. project C. subject D. problem
15. We should give love to the children ____ lost their parents in the accidents.
A. / B. which C. who D. whom
parents -------Shangdong for ten years.
A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been at
二 完形填空(一)(10分)
阅读下列短文,从文后各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Many young people today care about the way they 16 . They often buy “designer” clothes 17 they think they look cool. Then the18 well-known companies make clothes which look the same. But they don’t sell 19 well because they don’t have the 20 .
People 21 think designer clothes are better made. For example, many people think the right running shoes will make you run faster or play better. Of course, this is not always 22 . It’s the23 – not the trainers – that improves your speed or your score. 24 that’s not the point. People believe that it’s true … and then 25 the shoes. The big companies only want to make a lot of money.
17 A. look B. work C. speak D. wear
18 A. that B. because C .though D. unless
19 A. most B. less C. more D. least
20 A. as B. quite C .too D. rather
21 A. design B .time C. idea D. logo
22 A. even B. also C .always D. still
23 A. good B. true C .expensive D. wrong
24 A. logo B. quality C. training D. luck
25 A. But B. And C. So D. Then
26 A . like B refuse C make D. buy
三 阅读下列短文,从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案(每小题2分,共38分)
Passage 1
A Trip to the Forest
One day Bob took two of his friends into the mountains. They put up their tents (帐篷) and then rode off to a forest to see how the trees were growing.
In the afternoon when they were about ten kilometers from their camp(营地), it started to snow. More and more snow fell. Soon Bob could hardly see his hands before his face. He could not find the road. Bob knew there were two roads. One road went to the camp, and the other went to his house. But all was white snow. Everything was the same. How could he take his friends back to the camp?
Bob had an idea. The horses! Let the horses take them back! But what would happen if the horses took the road to his house? That would be a trip of thirty-five kilometers in such cold weather!
It was getting late. They rode on and on. At last the horses stopped. Where were they? None of them could tell. John looked around. What was that under the tree? It was one of their tents!
27. John and his two friends went to the forest to ____.
A. build their camp B. find their way home
C. enjoy the mountains in the snow D. watch the trees in the forest
28. They could not find their way back because ____.
A. there was only one road to their camp
B. they couldn't decide which of the two roads led to their tents
C. there were no roads in the mountains at all
D. everything was covered by the white snow
29. It is clear that they wanted the horses to take them to ____.
A. John's house B. the camp C. the forest D. the mountains
30. The horses stopped because____.
A. it was getting late B. they were tired after running for a long way
C. they knew that they had got to the camp D. they had seen John's house
31. The story happened ____.
A. on a cold winter day B. on a dark snowy evening
C. in a cold camp far from villages D. at night when nothing could be seen
Passage 2
Here is some news from Dalian Daily.
•President’s pet.
Do you keep a pet? American President Obama calls his new dog is six months president’s family like the dog very ! They are having fun with Bo on the South Lawn (南草坪)of the White president’s daughter, Malia ,is showing the dog off.
•Back on her feet.
Mosha is a young elephant in lost her right front leg after stepping on a landmine(地雷)two years was taken to a hospital and became the first elephant in the world with a prosthetic leg(假肢).
Now aged three Mosha is growing is happy to have the new prosthetic leg.
•Liu Xiang
World champion Liu Xiang returned to Shanghai on March 25-year –old star had a foot operation in December in took him three months to recover(康复)and train is said that some doctors are ready in Shanghai to help with Liu’s left the 2008 Beijing Olympics because of his foot injury(损伤)last August.
name of the president’s dog is________.
old is the dog?
months old years old months old years old
did the elephant lose his front leg?
had a traffic accident. stepped on the landmine.
was ill. fell into a big hole.
Xiang had his foot operation in________.
Xiang left the Beijing Olympics because________.
was afraid of the other players was too nervous to take part in it
coach told him to do that foot hurt
Passage 3
Everybody can suffer from stress. No matter what your age is, you can feel stressed out by things that are happening in your life.
Teenagers, however, have many more opportunities to get stressed than people in any other age group. Being a teenager is hard. You are not a child any more, but you are not an adult, even though you have to deal with some very grown-up problems and decisions.
Families can be one of the biggest causes of stress, such as problems with parents arguing at home. or problems with brothers and sisters. Teenagers also have a lot of stress from school, either from their teachers or from their friends. Some teenagers also feel stressed about choosing their education after high school. Getting a place at university can be very difficult and some cannot afford to go to university. The stress about getting a job when finishing school is hard for some teenagers. There are so many young people finishing school and not enough jobs for them.
Sadly, there is nothing we can do to remove these causes of stress from the 1ives of teenagers, but you can learn the best way to deal with it. Talking to people is one of the best ways to deal with stress. It may sound simple, but it is true. A problem shared is a problem halved.
37. Why is being a teenager often difficult?
A. Because even though you are not an adult, you must deal with adult problems.
B. Because even though you are an adult, you must deal with children’s problems.
C. Because even though you are a teenager, you must do a lot of homework.
D. Because adults often make them feel stressed.
38. Families can add to the stress a teenager might experience ______.
A. by asking them to go to university
B. by helping them with their homework
C. as teenagers quarrel with their parents, and their brothers or sisters
D. as families never support their children enough
39. Why can leaving school be a stressful time for teenagers?
A. Because they will be leaving their favorite teachers.
B. Because many people’s favorite memories are at school.
C. Because they may worry about getting a place at university.
D. Because they may worry about becoming an adult.
40. Why can finding a job after finishing school be difficult?
A. Because there is a lot of competition for jobs.
B. Because there are no jobs.
C. Because a job is more difficult than school work.
D. Because there is a lot of competition for places at university.
41. We can deal with the stress in our life ______.
A. by not trying to find a job B. by forgetting about our problems
C. by getting a place at university D. by sharing our problems with our friends
Passage 4
When you think about running away, you probably imagine that there will be no more rules, no parent to tell you what to do, no more fights. Sounds great and exciting, right? In fact, ___42__ but fun. Kids who run away face new problems like not having any money, food to eat, a safe place to, sleep, or
anyone to take care of them.
People with no home and no money become ready to do anything just to meet their everyday needs. Because of this, ___43__ that would be terrible even for adults. Run-away kids join in dangerous crimes(犯罪) much more often than kids who live at home.
Kids who live on the streets often have to steal(偷) for a living. Many take drugs to get through the day because they become so sad and feel that ___44__. Some are forced(被迫) to do things they wouldn’t normally do to make money. The number of kids with HIV or AIDS and other diseases is higher on streets, too, because ___45__. This problem is attracting more and more attention.
A. running away is nothing
B. they often find them in risky situations
C. it may be natural
D. these kids are more easily to get affected(感染)
E. no one cares about them
F. take good care of
四、补全对话(10分)