冶金炼钢工程师考试题库

一．词组汉译英（任选10个词组作为一道词组汉译英题目，每题2分）.1.炼钢 2.高温 3.熟铁 4.平炉 5.木炭 6.. 炉腹 7.铁沟 8.钢厂 9.高炉 10.熔池 11.风量 12.石灰 13.脉石 14.球团矿 15.喷水 16.连铸系统 17.资金18.铸坯 19. 铁水 20.合金答案：1. steelmaking temperature iron 7. iron runner plant furnace volume 15、water spray system metal 二、选择题(任选10题，每题2分) is ( A ) of the most widely used the case of red iron ore,the compound of iron and oxygen(C ) not so “tight”. and oxygen atoms are very closely( A ) with each other in sponge iron was( B )in bloomery hearths iron consists( B )the element iron combined with numerous other chemical elements, 1709,Abraham Darby,a young man succeeded in( A ) iron with earth( B ) a large number of metals which are useful to of the most important of these is industry ( B )considerable quantities of this metal,either in the form of iron or the form of five of these elements must either be removed almost entirely or at( B )reduced drastically in steelmaking processes are ( C )into two general classes from the chemical point of primary( A )between the two methods of steelmaking is that phosphorus and sulphur can only be removed effectively from the metal under a cover of basic slag is ( C ) and the copper is stirred with tree is a critical operation in which the aim is( A)the oxygen content down to bring pitch copper oxygen and is very ( B)for the copper is over-poled it must be re-( C)and is usually(B)by is the process of shaping metal in a maching( B) rolling or cold forging means( B) cold-rolled or hot-rolled sheets between two press you wake up in the moring rested after a good night’s(A )you look at your watch to see the street car which (B)you to school or to work gets its power from the heavily charged trolley wires 21．The important traits of steel,such as a high melting point,high specific heat,and low heat conductivity,are factors ( A ) the difficulty in continuous steel casting of rounds is quite ( B ) at . limiting . The refining of steel by Bessemer and open-hearth processes removes impurities（ B）pig iron by the oxygen of the . Most of the impurities（ B ）taken into the . Bessemer himself had envisaged the use of oxygen but of course he( D )not obtain sufficient C had . In the 1960s steel-making ( C )a leap react with( B )sand or lime to form a slag which is removed continuous casting of steel has been difficult to ( A). performed alloy steels with under 10 percent of added elements and high alloy steels( A )over 10 percent of added alloying elements modify the effect of the ( B). 三、将以下单词填入空白处（任选一题作为填空题，每空2分）。《1》 notch support mould bleeders undertaken ceramic skimmer double plug furnace is built on o foundation of pilings and concrete to( support ) the furnace and the iron notch is the slag ( notch ). the bosh and lower stack usually has a ( ceramic ) design of the cooling system and refractory should be (undertaken ) charge is hoisted to the top of the furnace and dumped on to a ( double )bell and hopper arrangement . slag will float on the iron and is separated from the iron by the ( skimmer )in the mudgun is used to (plug )the taphole at the end of the the top of the uptakes are a series of pressure relief valves called ( bleeders ). refining is generally ( applied )after the refining metal is also cast into ( mould )in the vaccum chamber.答案：《2》 metallurgical partly hydrogen sponge iron ore gas seal legs equipment undergo blast furnace takes place the direct reduction process,which is the great improvement in the( metallurgical ) gas reduction process,reducing gases are carbon monoxide,( hydrogen )and shaft-furnace process plays an important part in ( gas ) reduction main component of the MIdrex process are the shaft furnace,the gas( reformer ),and the cooling-gas cooled DRI is continuously discharged through ( seal legs ) at the bottom of the kiln furnace is important ( equipment ) used solid reducing outcome of all direct reduction techniques is ( sponge iron ). reduction thechology usually produces hot metal from( ore )without gases only ( partly) escape while the steel lowers the ability of steels to (undergo)deep drawing operations.四、英译汉（单词2分一个,任选5个作为一题）○1ironmaking ○2belt ○3slab ○4blast furnace ○5slag pit ○6spring○7green pellet ○8limestone ○9BOF ○10belly ○11preheat ○12burden ○13oxgen lance○14ladle ○15DRI ○16EAF ○ ○ ○ glass ○答案：1.炼铁 2.皮带 3.板坯 4.高炉 5.渣池 6.弹簧 7.生球 8.石灰石 9.碱性氧气转炉 10.炉腰 11.预热 12.炉料 13.氧枪 14.钢包 15.直接还原铁 16.电弧炉 17.氧气 18.参数 19.水玻璃 20. 铁合金五．将以下句子翻译成中文。（任选5个作为一题，每题6分）1. After its inventors,it was also known as the Siemens-Martin process(or open hearth process).2. As the demand for high quality steels increased,post-treatment became a routine step in the production of . The portion of the ore that is too fine to be charged directly into blast furnace is usually . The molten slag usually goes directly to slag pits adjacent to the casthouse, where it is cooled with water . The checker chamber is packed bricks which provide many small,vertically aligned flues for the high temperature . The deoxidization products settle out in the slag.答案：1.依据它的发明者的名字命名，就叫做西门子-马丁工艺（平炉工艺）。2. 随着对高质量钢需求的增长，炉外精炼已成为当今炼钢过程中必不可少的步骤。3. 矿石中很细小的颗粒不能直接装入高炉，通常需要烧结成块状。4. 熔渣通常直接送到出铁场附近的渣池，在那里用水喷射冷却。5. 蓄热室是用格子砖堆砌而成，它能提供许多直径比较小的高温气体直通管。6. 脱氧产物进入渣中。

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